Caesarean Section (C Section)

What is Caesarean Section (C-Section)?

A Caesarean Section, commonly known as C-Section, is a surgical procedure used to deliver a baby through an incision made in the mother's abdomen and uterus. This procedure is performed when a normal vaginal delivery is not possible or poses risks to the mother or the baby. C-sections can be planned in advance if complications are anticipated during pregnancy or performed as an emergency procedure if unexpected complications arise during labor. The primary aim of a C-section is to ensure the safe delivery of the baby while minimizing risks to both the mother and the newborn.

When is a Caesarean Section Recommended?

A Caesarean Section may be recommended by a gynecologist under the following circumstances:

• Prolonged or Obstructed Labor: When labor does not progress as expected or if the baby is unable to pass through the birth canal, a C-section may be necessary.
• Fetal Distress: If the baby's heartbeat shows signs of distress, indicating lack of oxygen or other complications, an emergency C-section may be performed.
• Placenta Previa: When the placenta covers the cervix, blocking the baby’s exit, a C-section becomes essential.
• Multiple Pregnancies: In cases of twins, triplets, or higher-order pregnancies, a C-section may be the safest method of delivery.
• Breech or Transverse Position: If the baby is in a breech (feet-first) or transverse (sideways) position, a C-section is generally recommended.
• Previous C-Section Delivery: Women who have had a previous C-section may opt for a repeat C-section, especially if there are risks associated with vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC).
• Maternal Health Conditions: If the mother has certain medical conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, or infections (such as HIV or genital herpes), a C-section may be safer.
• Large Baby (Macrosomia): If the baby is unusually large, vaginal delivery may be difficult or risky, leading to a C-section.
• Cord Prolapse: When the umbilical cord slips through the cervix before the baby, reducing oxygen supply, an emergency C-section is necessary.

When to See a Gynaecologist After a C-Section?

After a C-section, it is important to follow up with a gynecologist for post-operative care and monitoring. Women should immediately seek medical attention if they experience any of the following symptoms:

• Persistent fever or chills.
• Heavy vaginal bleeding or blood clots.
• Severe abdominal pain or swelling around the incision site.
• Difficulty in urination or bowel movements.
• Signs of postpartum depression or extreme mood swings.
• Difficulty in breastfeeding or newborn care.

Conclusion

A Caesarean Section (C-Section) is a safe and effective surgical procedure for delivering a baby when normal vaginal delivery is not possible or poses risks. With proper medical care and post-operative recovery, most women can regain their health and enjoy motherhood without complications. Consulting a qualified gynecologist is essential for making informed decisions regarding the mode of delivery, ensuring the safety of both the mother and the baby.